This paper presents an improved version of a recently developed evolutionary algorithm namely PATCHWORK MODEL. In order to decide which action (move or mate) must be performed by each agent, a new action selector is introduced that works based on the agent's memory. The actions of each agent and the sequence of applying them by the agent are revised to improve the effectiveness of the algorithm. Two types of movements are introduced that are called place movement and value movement. Also mate action is performed locally in each patch. Moreover, in order to exploit the search abilities as well as search speedup, search space is divided between patches. After every ten iterations, the predefined search regions for patches are more limited in terms of variables of the search space. On the other hand, non-informative search intervals are rejected by patches along with the progress of the search process. Finally, the performance of the algorithm is compared to the Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) over several well-known benchmark optimization functions. The obtained results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in terms of the convergence rate and the quality of found solutions.

Dariush Shaygan, an eminent Iranian philosopher, writer, and intellectual, was one of the most important contemporary thinkers who devoted his life to studying various sciences and cultures, reflecting on Eastern identity, and critiquing tradition and modernity. Raised in a multicultural and multilingual environment, he built comparative bridges between Islamic philosophy (ḥikma), Eastern mysticism, and modern Western philosophy. Initially recognized for his admiration of Eastern traditions, Shaygan later turned to a fundamental critique of them, emphasizing the necessity of critical rationality and modernity. His works represent a synthesis of mystical insight, concerns about identity, and an exploration of the relationship between East and West. The present article is written by the Iraqi thinker Prof. Dr. Abd al-Jabbar Rifai. In this study, Rifai seeks to examine and introduce to an Arab audience the main components of Shaygan’s thought across seven sections. This article has been translated into Persian with the author’s permission.

Plant development can be defined as a programmed qualitative change in plant form, which leads plant to maturity, and researchers call it as phasic development or phenology. Recognizing the timing of occurring each development stage is necessary for managing system in order to yield increment. The timing of occurring development stages depend on climate, genotype specifications and sowing date then determination of these times in different regions is difficult and it is only possible through the using of crop simulation MODELs which can predict the timing of occurrence each development stage by integrating effective factors. The MODEL was constructed based on linear equation of plant temperature response. In order to MODEL evaluation two experiments were carried out in agricultural and natural resources research center of Khuzistan in 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 cropping years. Wheat development stages were determined based on Kirby and Appleyard’s scale by stereoscopic microscope and required GDD for each development stage as well. The constructed MODEL was calibrated and run for simulation. Comparison of simulated and observed data showed that the MODEL can strongly predict wheat development stages.

Today, one of the most widely used natural language representation methods is meaning representation for text processing in different systems. Meaning representation methods have had many applications in the field of natural language processing in recent years, including automatic text summarization systems and question and answer systems, etc. Many text expressions may be different in terms of grammatical structure, but they are the same in terms of meaning, so how to apply a single and uniform meaning to them is one of the challenges of text processing. The main goal of this paper is to design an Integrated Semantic Representation (ISR) MODEL for natural language. The proposed MODEL, while maintaining its simplicity in annotation and understanding, does not depend on specific natural language features or on syntactic and lexical structure. In this regard, several examples in both English and Persian language, which have different in terms of written and grammatical structure, are presented in this paper. Moreover, by using the proposed MODEL, the same representation is provided for texts with the same meaning and different grammatical structure. The proposed MODEL is designed in graph and list format is recommended to annotate its corpuses. One of the main features of this MODEL is that it can represent semantic relations at both sentence-level and document-level and is able to represent complex and important linguistic phenomena such as aspect, tense, and quantification. The simplicity of the proposed MODEL helps to avoid making language processing slow or complicated in various applications, and the preparation of structures based on this MODEL for different natural languages will not be too complicated, so that it can be used both for natural languages with low resources and for those with various resources. Further, features of the proposed MODEL are compared with one of the most important related works.

Purpose: Resilience in start-ups is a challenging issue that has caught the attention of policymakers and business owners. The present study is an attempt to provide a MODEL for designing the resilience MODEL of start-up businesses as a path to the future of start-up businesses. Method: This research is practical in terms of purpose and from the perspective of data collection is a qualitative research that has been done by content analysis method. The data collection method is semi-structured interview. Interviews with participants continued until they reached the theoretical saturation point, which was achieved by conducting 15 interviews. Participants were selected by snowball and purposeful method and data analysis was done through three coding steps (open, axial, selective) with MAXQDA2020 software. Findings: Based on the research results, the components of "cognitive resilience, financial resilience, adaptive resilience" as well as the effective organizational factors of "precedent, drivers and boys and resilience consequences" were identified. In this research, foresight and futures studies were identified as the drivers of resilience of start-up businesses. Conclusion: Resilience enables businesses to respond effectively to the dynamic conditions of their environment and maximize their competencies through strategic foresight and as a result gain more value than their competitors in the field of business. In this regard, the integration of foresight in the process of business resilience can be suggested as a facilitator of drivers.

Background and Aim: Job enrichment is a method that has been used to increase employee satisfaction and work motivation. The Hackman and Oldham job characteristics MODEL (1976) has served as the foundation for many job enrichment efforts. In particular, a considerable amount of research has been devoted to the study of the job characteristics-job satisfaction relations. Te purpose of this study was to statistically determine the relation between job characteristics and job satisfaction among employees of hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) in 2007. Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional one, including 6 TUMS-affiliated hospitals-Emam, Shariati, Baharlo, Ziaeian, Madaen and Azadi. The sample size was 400, consisting of 200 administrative employees (50%), 151 nurses (38%) and 49 physicians (12%). The random sampling and stratified proportional sampling methods were used to select the hospitals and interviewees, respectively. Two questionnaires were developed and used to identify job characteristics and job satisfaction: 1) job diagnostics surveys (JDS) and 2) Hertzberg's job satisfaction questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaires was ascertained by test-retest using the Pearson correlation coefficient (r = 0.88). Linear-by-linear association and ordinal logistics regression analysis were used for analyzing the data gathered.Results:The relations between the Motivational Potential Score (MPS) and job characteristics (except for feedback) with job satisfaction were statistically significant (p<0.05). Task identity was the most effective determinant of job satisfaction. Conclusion: It appears that all the job characteristics (except feedback) are important determinants of job satisfaction of the hospital employees. Although the work environment is in need of restructuring, it is important to note, from a positive perspective, that the job characteristics discussed in this study are readily amenable to change job satisfaction at the organizational level.

Folk art" refers to those arts that have not been properly considered throughout history and have not succeeded in finding their true place in contemporary art. These arts are often in the field of handicrafts and remain in the form of a repetitive artistic process. The collection of these arts is also commonly known as "women's arts" or " Domestic arts", until the nineteenth century it was known as "low level arts". These arts have played different functions in human life at different times and according to society and culture, but today some of these arts are recognized as one of the "beautiful arts" in Western Europe and North America. In this study, we try to show the change in the position of these arts in Europe and North America, how this path can be used to change the position of Folk arts to Fine arts in Iran. Finally, this study of the ten factors that have changed the social status of these arts in Western Europe and North America, namely the support of official institutions, non-profit organizations, the formation of art associations, the establishment of educational centers and academic disciplines and independent research institutes, conferences, gatherings or seminars He identified professions, holding festivals and biennials, creating dedicated museums of these folk arts, encouraging the establishment of special galleries of these arts, publishing specialized publications, and promoting and sounding the works of artists and specialized research in this field in cyberspace. Most of these factors are absent in the social atmosphere of folk arts in Iran and if they occur, they can change the social status of marginal and folk arts to the social status of central arts or fine arts.